1.5 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

THEORY (75 hours)

1. Scope of Anatomy and Physiology.

Definition of various terms used in Anatomy

2. Structure of cell, function of its components with special reference to mitochondria and microsomes.

3. Elementary tissues of the body. i.e epithelial tissue, muscular tissue, connective tissue and nervous tissue.

4. Structure and function of skeleton. Classification of joints and their function, Joint disorder.

5. Composition of blood, functions of blood elements. Blood group and coagulation of blood.Brief information regarding disorders of blood.

6. Name and functions of lymph glands.

7. Structure and functions of various parts of the heart. Arterial and venous systems with special reference to the names and positions of main arteries and veins.Blood pressure and its recording.Brief information about cardiovascular disorders.

8. Various parts of respiratory system and their functions. Physiology of respiration.

9. Various parts of urinary system and their functions, structure and functions of kidney. Physiology of Urine formation.Pathophysiology of renal diseases and oedema.

10. Structure of skeletal muscle. Physiology of muscle contraction, Names, position, attachments and functions of various skeletal muscles.Physiology of neuromuscular junction.

11. Various parts of central nervous system, brain and its parts, functions and reflex action. Anatomy and Physiology of autonomic nervous system.

12. Elementary knowledge of structure and functions of the organs of taste, smell, ear, eye and skin. Physiology of pain.

13. Digestive system; names of the various parts of digestive system and their functions. Structure and functions of liver, physiology of digestion and absorption.

14. Endocrine glands and Hormones. Locations of the glands, their hormones and functions.Pituitary, thyroid, Adrenal and Pancreas.

15. Reproductive system -Physiology and Anatomy of Reproductive system.

PRACTICAL (50 hours)

2. Study with the help of charts and models of the following systems and organs:

1. Study of the human skeleton.

(a) Digestive system.

(b) Respiratory system.

(c) Cardiovascular system.

(d) Urinary system.

(e) Reproductive system.

(f) Nervous system.

(g) Eye.

(h) Ear.

3. Microscopic examination of epithelial tissue, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, skeletal muscle. Connective tissue and nervous tissues.

4. Examination of blood films for TLC, DLC and malarial parasite.

5. Determination of clotting time of blood, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and Hemoglobin value.

6. Recording of body temperature, pulse, heart rate, blood pressure and ECG.