1.4 BIOCHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

Theory (50 hours)

1. Introduction to biochemistry.

2. Brief chemistry and role of proteins, polypeptides and amino acids, classification, Qualitative tests, Biological value, Deficiency diseases.

3. Brief chemistry and role of Carbohydrates, Classification, qualitative tests, Diseases related to carbohydrate metabolism.

4. Brief chemistry and role of Lipids, Classification, qualitative tests. Diseases related to lipids metabolism.

5. Brief chemistry and role of Vitamins and Coenzymes.

6. Role of minerals and water in life processes.

(a) Lymphocytes and Platelets, their role in health and disease.

7. Enzymes : Brief concept of enzymic action. Factors affecting it.Therapeutic and pharmaceutical importance.

8. Brief concept of normal and abnormal metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids.

9. Introduction to pathology of blood and urine.

(b) Erythrocytes Abnormal cells and their significance.

(c) Abnormal constituents of urine and their significance in diseases.

PRACTICAL (75 hours)

1. Detection and identification of Proteins, Amino acids, Carbohydrates and lipids.

2. Analysis of normal and abnormal constituents of Blood and Urine (Glucose, Urea, Creatine, creatinine, cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, Bilirubin, SGPT, SGOT, Calcium,Diastase, Lipase).

3. Examination of sputum and faeces (microscopic and staining).

4. Practice in injecting drugs by intramuscular, subcutaneous and intravenous routes. Withdrawal of blood samples.